Day 155 · Surah An-Isra' Verses 28-49

Al-Isra' 28–49

A series of prohibitions and commands are detailed, ranging from the prohibition of killing children out of fear of poverty, approaching fornication, consuming the wealth of orphans, to the command to fulfill promises and measure with correct scales.

If you have nothing to give to relatives and the poor, you should speak to them with kind words.
The prohibitions mentioned include miserliness and extravagance, killing children out of fear of poverty, approaching fornication, killing a soul, consuming the wealth of orphans, speaking without knowledge, and walking in arrogance.
The commands are to fulfill promises, perfect the measure, and weigh with correct scales.
All of this is called revelation full of wisdom, and attributing daughters to Allah while they choose sons for themselves is considered improper.
The hearts of those who deny the Hereafter are sealed from the Qur'an so they accuse the Messenger of being a sorcerer and deny resurrection after bones are scattered.

Verse 28 continues the previous verse regarding showing kindness to parents, relatives and other poor. If you do not have money to give to relatives and other poor, then speak to them with gentle words.

Verses 29-38 explain seven prohibitions and three commands of Allah that we must obey:

Do not be miserly and do not be extravagant.
Do not kill your children for fear of poverty. Sustenance is in the hand of Allah.
Do not approach fornication, for it is a sin and an indecent way.
Do not kill anyone. If someone is murdered, the heirs become the authorities and may demand proportional punishment.
Do not consume the wealth of orphans except to the extent of managing it as a reward.
Do not speak about that which you have no knowledge of, for hearing, sight and heart will be held accountable.
Do not walk upon the earth in arrogance, for you can neither tear the earth nor reach the height of the mountains.

As for the three commands:

Fulfill your promise
and give full measure
and weigh with correct scales.

Verses 39-49 explain the following six important matters:

All the commands and prohibitions that Allah explained earlier are revelations containing strands of wisdom that will bring many benefits to those who practice them. Therefore, never believe there is any deity besides Allah (do not associate partners with Him), for this will cause Allah to become angry and cast you into Hell-fire.
Those who claim Allah has daughters from among the angels while they choose and prefer sons for themselves are acting improperly toward Allah, their Creator.
Allah has repeated His warnings in the Qur'an so that the idolaters may take heed. Yet what happens is their misguidance increases further.
If there were gods besides Allah, certainly those gods would seek a way to reach Allah who possesses the Throne in the sky. Glorified is Allah from what they say. All things in the heavens and the earth glorify and affirm the Oneness of Him.
Those who do not believe in the Hereafter, Allah has placed a barrier between their hearts and the Qur'an so they cannot understand it. They turn away from the Qur'an and accuse the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) of being a sorcerer, a poet and such. Because of this they are led astray from the way of Allah and unable to follow the teachings of Islam.
The disbelievers do not believe Allah is capable of resurrecting and giving life to humanity after death and after their bones have been scattered.

Source: Mushaf Tadabbur, Fathuddin Ja'far

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