Al-Kahf 21–34
The inhabitants of the cave awoke after 309 years as proof of the truth of Allah's promise, followed by the prohibition of debating unseen matters, the command to be patient with weak companions, and the parable of the owner of two gardens.
Verses 21-26 continue the miraculous story of the youth who slept in the cave for 309 years. By this very miraculous event, Allah showed mankind so they would know all of Allah's promises are true including the Resurrection. The people at that time were amazed at this event. A king who had then believed in Allah wanted to build a place of worship over the cave. The subsequent generation would differ in their opinion about their number. Some said three people, four with their dog, or five people, six with their dog, or seven people, eight with their dog. All of that is incorrect. Only Allah knows the exact number. Therefore, Allah forbids debating about unseen matters and claiming certainty about doing something tomorrow unless Allah wills it. Allah is the Knower of the unseen of the heavens and the earth, His sight is keen and His hearing is keen. So do not associate partners with Him.
Verse 27 explains that Allah commands the Messenger to read and follow the guidance of the Qur'an. This is His decision. If it is not done, the Messenger cannot escape from Allah's threat just like any other human.
Verses 28-31 continue verse 27 before regarding Allah's command to the Messenger. After the command to read and follow the guidance of the Qur'an, Allah commands the Messenger to be patient living with his companions who are obedient to Allah and seek only Allah's pleasure, though their number is small and some of them are weak. Then Allah forbids the Messenger from having worldly motives in the call and following those whose hearts are heedless of remembering Allah and who follow their desires.
Surely the Qur'an is the truth from Allah. Faith and disbelief are a choice. For the disbeliever, Allah has prepared Hell whose fire burns his entire body and his drink is molten brass which will burn his entire face. For the believer and those who do righteous deeds, Paradise with rivers flowing beneath it and various ornaments of gold and silk garments and other luxurious items.
Verses 32-34 explain the parable of the disbeliever and the believer is like two people, one of whom had gardens of grapes and dates. Both were surrounded by various trees and there was a river in the middle. His wealth was very abundant. Then he said to his companion: My wealth is more than your wealth.
Source: Mushaf Tadabbur, Fathuddin Ja'far
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