Day 235 · Surah Al-Ahzab Verses 1-15

Al-Ahzab 1–15

The status of an adopted son and a wife with whom one has made zihar does not change to become a biological son or mother, then Allah's assistance is remembered when the Muslims were besieged in the Battle of Khandaq.

• The Prophet and his nation are commanded to have taqwa, not obey the disbelievers and hypocrites, and arrange life according to revelation while relying on Allah.
• Adopted children must be attributed to their biological fathers; if not known, they should be called brothers in faith.
• The believers must give priority to the Prophet over themselves, and his wives have the status of mothers to them.
• Allah took a strong covenant from the Prophets, including Nuh, Ibrahim, Musa, and Isa, to be firm in conveying the revelation.
• When besieged in the Battle of Khandaq in the fifth year of Hijra, Allah sent angels to help the believers, while the hypocrites looked for excuses to go home.

Verses 1-6 from Surah Al-Ahzab explain three principles in Islam.

1. Allah commands Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his nation to have taqwa of Him, must not obey the disbelievers and hypocrites. Allah also obligates the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and all his nation to regulate all aspects of their life according to the revelation sent to Him. In implementing this revelation there will certainly be many obstacles. Therefore, Allah commands to rely on Him.
2. Just as Allah does not place two hearts in a person, so in one matter there should not be two laws. A wife with whom zihar is made (considered as a mother) and an adopted child do not change status to become a mother and biological child. An adopted child must be called by his father's name, if the father is not known, call him 'my brother in faith' or 'maula so-and-so'. This is Allah's decree that must not be violated.
3. The believers must give priority to Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) over themselves. His wives are as mothers to them. Those with blood relation (descendants) are more entitled than others in matters of inheritance. This is Allah's decree. However, helping the Muslims is also strongly encouraged.

Verses 7 and 8 explain that Allah took a strong covenant from His Prophets, especially Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), Nuh, Ibrahim, Musa and Isa son of Mary to hold firmly to the revelation sent to them and consistently convey it to their nations. Those who believe will be tested in the truthfulness of their faith and those who disbelieve, Allah has prepared for them the punishment of Hellfire.

Verses 9-15 Allah reminds the believers to always remember Allah's blessings and favors on them. Among them is when they were besieged by the Quraysh, Bani Qathfan and Bani Qurayza during the Battle of Khandaq in the 5th year of Hijra. The situation at that time was very difficult, as if the believers' breath was at their throats and they experienced severe shock. Then Allah sent His angels to help them so that they won.

As for the hypocrites, they said that the Messenger's promise of victory was merely a deception. Some also called on the residents of Medina who participated in guarding at Khandaq to return home so that the enemy did not enter. Some of them asked permission from the Prophet to go home with the excuse that there were only women in their homes. That was just an excuse. Actually they wanted to flee from fighting. If commanded to do mischief they would quickly do it. Yet they had sworn before not to flee when fighting. Allah will surely hold them accountable for their oath.

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