This story tells of Adam and Eve being sent down to earth after their repentance was accepted, teaching their offspring, until the story of their children Qabil and Habil that ended in a dispute over sacrifice.
Islamic History: Adam and Eve Descended to Earth
Allah had accepted the repentance of Adam and Eve and forgiven them for the act of transgression they had committed, which relieved their hearts and removed the sadness caused by their negligence of Allah's warning about Iblis, so that they fell victim to his sweet but poisonous seduction and enticement.
Adam and Eve felt at peace again after receiving Allah's forgiveness and would subsequently guard against being deceived again by Iblis and would endeavor that the transgression they had committed and brought Allah's anger and rebuke would become a lesson for them both to be more careful in facing the deception and enticement of the accursed Iblis.
The hope to remain forever in Paradise that had faded because of the act of transgressing Allah's command was rekindled in the hearts and minds of Adam and Eve who felt that the blessings and happiness of their life in Paradise would not be disturbed by anything and that Allah's pleasure and His mercy would continue to pour down upon them forever.
However, Allah had determined in His decree what did not occur to their hearts and did not cross their minds. Allah the Almighty, who had determined in His decree that the earth full of wealth to be managed would be entrusted to humans, the offspring of Adam, commanded Adam and Eve to descend to earth as the first seeds of His servants who are called humans. Allah said to them: "Descend, some of you are enemies to some others. You will have upon the earth a place of settlement and provision for a time."
Islamic History: Adam and Eve Descended to Earth
Adam and Eve descended to earth facing a new way of life far different from the life in Paradise that they once experienced and would not be repeated again. They had to go through life in this mortal world with its joys and sorrows and would lower the human race of varied nature and character, different skin colors and intelligence.
The human race that would form into groups becoming tribes and nations where one becomes the enemy of another, killing and wounding one another, tyrannizing and oppressing each other, so that from time to time Allah sent His prophets and messengers to guide His servants to the straight path full of peace and compassion among humans, the path that leads to His pleasure and human happiness in this world and the Hereafter.
On earth, Adam had many offspring, he educated and taught them and informed them that life in the world is a trial and tribulation, and they should hold fast to Allah's guidance and be wary of Satan's deception. He also invited his offspring to worship Allah, told them of the truth and faith, warned them of the dangers of shirk, disobedience, and the dangers of obeying Satan until he passed away.
When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was taken on the Night Journey to the heavens, he met Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) in the first heaven and was told to him, "This is your father Adam (peace be upon him), so greet him." So he greeted him and Adam (peace be upon him) returned his greeting and said, "Welcome, O righteous son and righteous prophet." (Reported by al-Bukhari and Muslim)
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also told us that humans would come to Adam (peace be upon him) and say, "O Adam, you are the father of mankind. Allah created you with His hands, breathed His spirit into you, and commanded the angels to prostrate before you and placed you in Paradise. Would you not intercede for us with your Lord? Would you not see our condition and what has befallen us? But Adam (peace be upon him) could not provide it and mentioned his excuse. He was ashamed before Allah the Exalted because he once ate from the tree that was forbidden to him, so he told them to go to another prophet.
It is narrated that when sent down to earth, Adam and Eve were separated. Eve was sent down in the region of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The word Jeddah means grandmother. Eve is the grandmother of all humanity. Meanwhile, Adam was sent down in the region of Hindustan. They met at Jabal Rahmah in the plain of Arafah. Because of this, Jabal Rahmah is often used as a symbol of "love" by pilgrims. A feeling of happiness overflowed. How could it not, after being separated for so long they finally met again. Life became more spirited. Now they could gather together again. Struggling together is easier than alone. They could watch over each other and advise each other.
Adam and Eve lived together again. They were the first husband and wife couple. Both of them had children. Each birth was always twins, male and female. The first childbirth, Qabil and Iklima were born. Then, the second childbirth, Habil and Labuda were born. Adam and Eve were very happy. The warmth of the family grew stronger. All of this was thanks to the presence of children. Children foster hope. There is a successor to the struggle. Next, the children had offspring again. They gave birth to grandchildren and so on. The number of Adam's offspring continued to increase. As time went on, there were more and more.
Qabil, Habil, Iklima, and Labuda grew into adolescence. They grew up under the care of their parents. Their traits began to show. Qabil was harsh in nature, while Habil was gentle. Iklima grew into a beautiful girl, while Labuda was just ordinary. The tasks of Adam and Eve began to diminish. Their children could be relied upon. Labuda and Iklima helped with household matters, while Qabil and Habil pursued agriculture, and Habil in the field of livestock.
The four sons and daughters of Adam grew into adulthood. Each had developed an interest in the opposite sex. Allah then gave Adam guidance. Adam's sons and daughters had to be married soon. With the stipulation that each could not be married to their twin sibling. In other words, Qabil had to marry Labuda, while Habil had to marry Iklima.
The stipulation was then conveyed. Adam hoped that his sons and daughters would not object as this was Allah's decree. There could be no objection. Everyone had to agree. Thus, Adam emphasized. Unexpectedly, Qabil rejected the decree. He insisted on marrying Iklima, his twin sister. Iklima was indeed a beautiful girl. Qabil was very attracted. In other words, Qabil refused to be married to Labuda. His reason was that Labuda was not beautiful. Qabil felt more deserving to marry Iklima. After all, Iklima was his own sister. Qabil was not willing if Iklima was married to Habil.
Qabil persisted. Firmly, he refused to be married to Iklima. Seeing this unfavorable situation, Adam tried to find a way out. A way out that would be acceptable to all parties. No party should be disappointed. Conflict must be avoided. Because conflict would disturb the peace.
Finally, Adam found a way out. According to Adam, the matter of marriage must be left to Allah. Whatever His decision, everyone must be resigned. Adam proposed that Qabil and Habil make a sacrifice. Whoever's sacrifice is accepted, he is entitled to marry the beautiful Iklima. Qabil and Habil agreed. They agreed that the winner would be the one entitled to get Iklima. Then each prepared himself. Qabil became more diligent. Every day he took care of his fields. Habil also did not want to be outdone. He became more diligent. Every day he grazed his livestock.
The appointed day arrived. Qabil hurried to the field. His wheat field was very thick. The result of his hard work so far. A miserly trait arose in Qabil's heart. He picked and chose the wheat that would be sacrificed. He deliberately chose wheat that was not good. After the sack was filled, Qabil brought it to a hill. The wheat was then placed on that hill. In a different place, Habil was also busy. He walked here and there. Picking and choosing the finest goats. The fattest and healthiest goat. After finding them, Habil brought them to the same hill.
Qabil and Habil had placed their sacrifices. From a distance, they looked at the hill. Their eyes were fixed on the hill. Other family members also witnessed. Their hearts were beating fast. Whose sacrifice would be accepted?
After a while, a great fire descended from the sky. The fire then struck the goat. Habil was grateful, his sacrifice was accepted. In a short time Habil's goat disappeared. The fierce one consumed it. Meanwhile, Qabil's wheat remained intact. Not a bit was reduced. As a result, Habil became the winner. His sacrifice was accepted. According to the agreement, he was entitled to marry the beautiful Iklima. Habil's heart blossomed. He was very happy. It was different with his older brother. Qabil felt very disappointed. His sacrifice was not accepted. He failed to marry Iklima.
Qabil could not refuse. With a feeling of disappointment, he accepted the decision that Habil was married to Iklima. Qabil was truly disappointed, his hopes were dashed. He could not marry Iklima. His disappointment grew worse. Gradually a feeling of envy grew. Envy gave birth to grudge. Grudge brought about evil intentions. Finally, Qabil resolved to kill Habil.
This incident is told in the Qur'an
Tell them about the story of Adam's two sons, according to the truth, when they both offered an offering, and it was accepted from one of them (Habil) and was not accepted from the other (Qabil). He said (Qabil): "I will surely kill you!" Said Habil: "Indeed, Allah only accepts from the righteous." (al-Ma'idah 27)
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